Squamous Cell Carcinoma | SCC

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common type of skin cancer, arising from the squamous cells that make up the outer layer of the skin (the epidermis). While SCC is generally less dangerous than melanoma, it can be aggressive and may spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body if left untreated. Early detection and treatment are crucial to preventing complications and achieving the best outcomes.

Understanding Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous Cell Carcinoma typically develops on sun-exposed areas of the body, such as the face, ears, neck, lips, and backs of the hands. It often appears as a firm, red nodule, a scaly patch, or a sore that heals and reopens. SCC can also develop in areas of chronic skin irritation or injury, and less commonly, in mucous membranes.

Key Characteristics:

• Appearance: SCC may present as a rough, scaly patch, an open sore, a firm red nodule, or a wart-like growth. It may crust over, bleed, or become ulcerated.

• Location: Commonly found on sun-exposed areas, including the face, ears, neck, scalp, shoulders, arms, and hands. SCC can also occur on the lips, in the mouth, or on the genitals.

• Growth Rate: While SCC grows more slowly than melanoma, it can still spread to nearby tissues, lymph nodes, and distant organs if not treated promptly.

Risk Factors:

• Sun Exposure: Prolonged exposure to UV radiation from the sun or tanning beds is the leading cause of SCC.

• Fair Skin: Individuals with fair skin, light hair, and light eyes are at higher risk, especially those who burn easily.

• Age: The risk of SCC increases with age, as the effects of sun damage accumulate over time.

• Immunosuppression: People with weakened immune systems, such as organ transplant recipients or those with chronic conditions, are at higher risk.

• Previous Skin Cancer: A history of skin cancer increases the likelihood of developing SCC.

Importance of Early Detection

Early detection of Squamous Cell Carcinoma is critical to prevent the cancer from spreading and becoming more difficult to treat. Regular skin checks, both self-examinations and professional evaluations, are essential for catching SCC in its early stages.

Diagnosis and Treatment at Naples Dermatology

At Naples Dermatology, we offer comprehensive care for patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough skin examination and a biopsy of any suspicious lesions. Once SCC is confirmed, treatment will depend on the size, location, and the patient’s overall health.

Treatment Options:

• Mohs Micrographic Surgery: For SCCs in cosmetically sensitive areas or those with a higher risk of recurrence, Mohs surgery is performed. This technique involves removing the cancer while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible.

• Radiation Therapy: For patients who cannot undergo surgery or for more advanced SCCs, radiation therapy may be used to target and destroy cancer cells.

• Curettage and Electrodessication: In some cases, the SCC is scraped off, and the area is treated with an electric current to destroy any remaining cancer cells.

• Topical Treatments: For very early-stage SCC (in situ), topical treatments such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or imiquimod cream may be used to destroy cancer cells.

• Intralesional Methotrexate: This treatment involves injecting methotrexate, a chemotherapy drug, directly into the tumor, allowing for targeted destruction of cancer cells while minimizing systemic side effects. This approach is often used for challenging cases of SCC and typically used on the lower extremities.

Prevention and Follow-Up Care

Preventing Squamous Cell Carcinoma involves protecting your skin from excessive sun exposure, avoiding tanning beds, and performing regular skin checks. Following treatment, regular follow-up visits are essential to monitor for any signs of recurrence or the development of new skin cancers.

At Naples Dermatology, our experienced dermatologists are committed to providing personalized care for Squamous Cell Carcinoma. We offer the latest treatments and a comprehensive approach to ensure the best possible outcomes for our patients in Naples Florida.

For more information or to schedule a skin examination, visit our Contact Us page.