Basal Cell Carcinoma | BCC
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for approximately 80% of all skin cancer cases. BCC arises from the basal cells, which are found in the lowest layer of the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. While BCC rarely spreads (metastasizes) to other parts of the body, it can cause significant local damage if not treated promptly. Early detection and treatment are essential to prevent complications and ensure successful outcomes.
Understanding Basal Cell Carcinoma
Basal Cell Carcinoma typically develops on sun-exposed areas of the skin, such as the face, neck, ears, scalp, shoulders, and back. BCC grows slowly and can often be mistaken for non-cancerous skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis. Despite its slow growth, BCC can invade surrounding tissues, leading to disfigurement if left untreated.
Key Characteristics:
Appearance: BCC often presents as a pearly or waxy bump, a flat, flesh-colored or brown scar-like lesion, or a red, scaly patch. The lesion may bleed, crust over, and then heal, only to return again.
Location: Most commonly found on areas of the skin that receive frequent sun exposure, including the face, ears, neck, and hands.
Growth Rate: BCC is typically slow-growing, but some variants, such as morpheaform BCC, can be more aggressive and invasive.
Types of Basal Cell Carcinoma:
Nodular BCC: The most common type, appearing as a shiny, pearly nodule with visible blood vessels (telangiectasia).
Superficial BCC: Presents as a red, scaly patch that may be mistaken for eczema or psoriasis.
Morpheaform (Sclerosing) BCC: Appears as a scar-like, white or yellowish plaque, and is more aggressive, often invading deeper tissues.
Pigmented BCC: Contains dark pigment, making it appear similar to melanoma.
Risk Factors for Basal Cell Carcinoma
The primary risk factor for developing BCC is prolonged exposure to UV radiation from the sun or tanning beds. Other risk factors include:
Fair Skin: Individuals with fair skin, light hair, and light eyes are at higher risk, particularly those who burn easily.
History of Sunburns: Severe sunburns, particularly in childhood, and tanning bed exposure, can increase the risk of BCC later in life.
Age: The risk of BCC increases with age due to cumulative sun exposure over time.
Immunosuppression: People with weakened immune systems, such as organ transplant recipients, are more susceptible to developing BCC.
Genetic Predisposition: Certain genetic conditions, such as basal cell nevus syndrome (Gorlin syndrome), increase the likelihood of developing BCC.
Importance of Early Detection
Early detection of Basal Cell Carcinoma is crucial to prevent the cancer from growing larger and causing significant tissue damage. Regular skin checks and prompt evaluation of any new or changing skin lesions are essential for catching BCC in its early stages.
Diagnosis and Treatment at Naples Dermatology
At Naples Dermatology, we specialize in the early detection and treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough skin examination and a biopsy of any suspicious lesions to confirm the presence of BCC.
Mohs Micrographic Surgery: This highly effective technique is used for BCCs in cosmetically sensitive areas or those with a higher risk of recurrence. Mohs surgery involves removing the cancer in stages while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible and is particularly effective in achieving clear margins.
Radiation Therapy: For patients who cannot undergo surgery or have multiple lesions, radiation therapy may be used to target and destroy BCC cells.
Curettage and Electrodessication: This technique, CED, involves scraping away the BCC and using an electric current to destroy any remaining cancer cells. It is often used for small, superficial BCCs not found on the face or neck area.
Topical Treatments: For superficial BCC, topical medications such as imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) can be applied directly to the lesion to destroy the cancer cells.
Prevention and Follow-Up Care
Preventing Basal Cell Carcinoma involves protecting your skin from excessive sun exposure, avoiding tanning beds, and regularly monitoring your skin for changes. After treatment, regular follow-up visits are essential to monitor for any signs of recurrence or the development of new skin cancers.
At Naples Dermatology, our experienced dermatologists are committed to providing personalized care for Basal Cell Carcinoma. We offer the latest treatments and a comprehensive approach to ensure the best possible outcomes for our patients.
For more information or to schedule a skin examination, visit our Contact Us page.