Malignant Melanoma | MM
Malignant Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer, arising from the uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells in the skin. Although melanoma accounts for only a small percentage of skin cancer cases, it is responsible for the majority of skin cancer-related deaths due to its ability to spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body. Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes and survival rates.
Understanding Malignant Melanoma
Melanoma can develop in an existing mole or as a new dark spot on the skin. It is most commonly found on sun-exposed areas such as the face, neck, arms, and legs but can occur anywhere on the body. The appearance of melanoma varies, but it often shows the following characteristics:
Key Characteristics:
Asymmetry: One half of the mole does not match the other in shape or color.
Border: Melanomas often have irregular, scalloped, or poorly defined borders.
Color: The lesion may have multiple colors, including shades of black, brown, tan, or even white, red, or blue.
Diameter: Melanomas are typically larger than 6mm (about the size of a pencil eraser), though they can be smaller.
Evolving: Any change in size, shape, color, or symptoms (such as itching or bleeding) is a warning sign.
Risk Factors:
Sun Exposure: Prolonged or intense UV exposure, especially from sunburns, increases the risk of melanoma.
Genetics: A family history of melanoma or the presence of multiple atypical moles can increase the likelihood of developing the disease.
Skin Type: Individuals with fair skin, light hair, and light eyes are at higher risk, especially if they have a history of frequent sunburns.
Immunosuppression: People with weakened immune systems, such as organ transplant recipients, are more susceptible to melanoma.
Importance of Early Detection
Early detection of melanoma is critical, as the cancer is highly curable when diagnosed and treated at an early stage. Regular self-examinations and annual skin checks by a dermatologist are essential for spotting suspicious lesions early.
Diagnosis and Treatment at Naples Dermatology
At Naples Dermatology, we prioritize early detection and offer a comprehensive range of treatment options for malignant melanoma. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough skin examination and a biopsy of any suspicious lesions. If melanoma is confirmed, the treatment plan will depend on the stage of the cancer and the patient’s overall health.
Treatments for melanoma can include:
Surgical Excision: The primary treatment for early-stage melanoma involves surgically removing the tumor along with a margin of surrounding healthy tissue. This helps ensure complete removal of cancerous cells.
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: For melanomas that have a higher risk of spreading, a sentinel lymph node biopsy may be performed to check for metastasis to nearby lymph nodes.
Immunotherapy: Advanced-stage melanomas may be treated with immunotherapy, which boosts the body’s immune system to target and destroy cancer cells.
Targeted Therapy: For melanomas with specific genetic mutations, targeted therapy drugs can block the growth and spread of cancer cells.
Radiation Therapy: In some cases, radiation may be used to treat melanoma that has spread to other parts of the body or cannot be fully removed surgically.
Chemotherapy: While less commonly used, chemotherapy may be an option for advanced melanoma that has not responded to other treatments.
Prevention and Follow-Up Care
Preventing melanoma involves protecting your skin from excessive sun exposure, avoiding tanning beds, and regularly monitoring your skin for changes. Following treatment, regular follow-up visits are essential to monitor for any signs of recurrence or the development of new melanomas.
At Naples Dermatology, our team of board-certified dermatologists is dedicated to providing personalized care and the latest treatments for malignant melanoma. We work closely with each patient to develop an individualized treatment plan that maximizes outcomes and quality of life.
For more information or to schedule a skin examination, visit our Contact Us page.
